There are 256 columns and 65,536 rows available in a worksheet.
A workbook is an Excel file with one or more worksheets.
A worksheet contains rows and columns that intersect to form a cell. The worksheet is the work area for entering and calculating data made up of columns and rows separated by gridlines (light gray lines). Also call a spreadsheet.
A black border appears around the active cell.
Change between worksheets using the sheet tabs located at the bottom of the Excel window.
Since the workbook window displays only a part of a worksheet, you scroll through the worksheet to view another location. You can scroll using the horizontal or vertical scroll bars.
LABELS—are used to identify the data in the rows and columns of a worksheet.Labels can contain text and numerical information not used in calculations such as dates, times or addresses.To enter a number such as the year 2010, as a label so it will not be included in a calculation, type an apostrophe (‘) before the number.Labelsare left- aligned by default.You should enter all labels in your worksheet first.
VALUES—include numbers, formulas, and functions, used in calculations.Excel recognizes an entry as a value when it is a number or begins with one of these symbols: +, -, @, #, or $.All values are right-aligned by default.If you see pound signs (#) displayed in a cell instead of a number, simply widen the column to display a value.
·When the cell contains both text and numbers, Excel recognizes the entry as a label.
NAVIGATE—when moving around the worksheet; use the pointer-movement keys (arrow keys) to move a cell or two at a time or the Page Up or Page Down to move a full screen at a time.
RANGE—any group of cells (two or more).To select a range, click the first cell and drag to the last cell you want included in the range.
SERIES—A series is a sequence of numbers (such as 1, 2, 3) dates (such as 1/21/04, 1/22/04, 1/23/04) times (such as 2:30, 2:45, 3:00) or text (such as January, February, March).To enter a series based on the active cell, drag the fill handle, a small square in lower-right corner of the active cell that turns into a plus sign (+), over the range of cells you want to fill with the series.
To create an incremental series (such as 1, 3, 5, 7) enter the data for the first and second cells of a series, select the two cells, then drag the fill handle for the selection over the range of cells to fill.
FORMULAS—are used to perform numeric calculations, such as adding, multiplying and averaging.All formulas start with an equal sign (=).
Example:Click the cell that will contain the total and type in the formula =b3+b4+b5+b6 then click the Enter button on the formula bar.
A formula can include several operations—addition and multiplication and division, the computer performs the calculations in a particular sequence based on these rules:
Calculated 1stCalculation of exponents Calculated 2ndMultiplication and division, left to right Calculated 3rdAddition and subtraction, left to right
Example:4 + .55/4000*25Excel divides 4000 into .55, then multiplies by 25, then adds 4.
You can change the order of calculations by using parentheses. Operations in parentheses are calculated before any other operations.
(4+.55)/4000*25Excel would first add 4 and .55, then divide by 4000, then multiply by 25.
FUNCTIONS—are predefined worksheet formulas that enable you to do complex calculations easily.Like formulas, functions always begin with the equal sign (=). Use the AutoSum button to create the totals.AutoSum sets up the SUM function to add the values in the cells above the cell pointer. If there are no values in the cells above the cell pointer, AutoSum adds the values in the cells to the left of the cell pointer.
Example:Click the cell that will contain the total, then click AutoSum on the standard toolbar, then click the Enter buttonon the formula bar.
The formula =SUM(b3:d3) appears in the formula bar.The information inside the parentheses is the argument or the information to be used in calculating a result of the function.
Always check the formula bar to be sure that the argument is what you intended, if it isn’t change it by clicking the first cell where the range should start, then drag the mouse to where the range should end, then click the Enter buttonto confirm the entry.
To get the AVERAGE you must use the Paste Function Buttonon the Standard toolbar.
Example:Click the cell that will contain the first average, and then click the Past Function button.The Paste Function dialog box opens.The function needed to calculate averages –named AVERAGE—is included in the Most Recently Used category.
Click the function name AVERAGE in the Function name list box, click OK, then in the AVERAGE dialog box type cell numbers for the range you are covering (do not include the total column) in the Number 1 text box. Click OK.
ABSOLUTE REFERENCE—Usually, you want the cell addresses in the original formula to change when you copy it.Sometimes, you don’t want it to change, so you need to create an absolute reference.Absolute cell references do not change when a formula is copied.
To make a cell reference absolute, enter a dollar sign ($) before the column letter and row number of that cell in the formula.
=$B$4+$B$5 This is used when you are calculating a percent of total.
CURRENCY FORMAT—displays numbers with currency symbols:dollar signs, commas and decimals.$10,234.39 $5,349.78
ACCOUNTING FORMAT—displays numbers the same as the currency format, but the dollar signs are left aligned.$ 10,234.39 $5,349.78
CONTIGUOUS CELLS—A block of adjacent cells in a worksheet
NONCONTIGUOUS CELLS—Cells in a worksheet that act as a block but are not necessarily adjacent to each other.Press and hold Ctrl as you click additional cells
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There are 256 columns and 65,536 rows available in a worksheet.
A workbook is an Excel file with one or more worksheets.
A worksheet contains rows and columns that intersect to form a cell.
The worksheet is the work area for entering and calculating data made up of columns and rows separated by gridlines (light gray lines). Also call a spreadsheet.
A black border appears around the active cell.
Change between worksheets using the sheet tabs located at the bottom of the Excel window.
Since the workbook window displays only a part of a worksheet, you scroll through the worksheet to view another location. You can scroll using the horizontal or vertical scroll bars.
LABELS—are used to identify the data in the rows and columns of a worksheet.Labels can contain text and numerical information not used in calculations such as dates, times or addresses.To enter a number such as the year 2010, as a label so it will not be included in a calculation, type an apostrophe (‘) before the number.Labelsare left- aligned by default.You should enter all labels in your worksheet first.
VALUES—include numbers, formulas, and functions, used in calculations.Excel recognizes an entry as a value when it is a number or begins with one of these symbols: +, -, @, #, or $.All values are right-aligned by default.If you see pound signs (#) displayed in a cell instead of a number, simply widen the column to display a value.
·When the cell contains both text and numbers, Excel recognizes the entry as a label.
NAVIGATE—when moving around the worksheet; use the pointer-movement keys (arrow keys) to move a cell or two at a time or the Page Up or Page Down to move a full screen at a time.
RANGE—any group of cells (two or more).To select a range, click the first cell and drag to the last cell you want included in the range.
SERIES—A series is a sequence of numbers (such as 1, 2, 3) dates (such as 1/21/04, 1/22/04, 1/23/04) times (such as 2:30, 2:45, 3:00) or text (such as January, February, March).To enter a series based on the active cell, drag the fill handle, a small square in lower-right corner of the active cell that turns into a plus sign (+), over the range of cells you want to fill with the series.
To create an incremental series (such as 1, 3, 5, 7) enter the data for the first and second cells of a series, select the two cells, then drag the fill handle for the selection over the range of cells to fill.
FORMULAS—are used to perform numeric calculations, such as adding, multiplying and averaging.All formulas start with an equal sign (=).
+performs addition=A5+A7
-performs subtraction=A5-10
*performs multiplication=A5*A7
/performs division=A5/A7
Example:Click the cell that will contain the total and type in the formula =b3+b4+b5+b6 then click the Enter button on the formula bar.
A formula can include several operations—addition and multiplication and division, the computer performs the calculations in a particular sequence based on these rules:
Calculated 1stCalculation of exponents
Calculated 2ndMultiplication and division, left to right
Calculated 3rdAddition and subtraction, left to right
Example:4 + .55/4000*25Excel divides 4000 into .55, then multiplies by 25, then adds 4.
You can change the order of calculations by using parentheses. Operations in parentheses are calculated before any other operations.
(4+.55)/4000*25Excel would first add 4 and .55, then divide by 4000, then multiply by 25.
FUNCTIONS—are predefined worksheet formulas that enable you to do complex calculations easily.Like formulas, functions always begin with the equal sign (=).
Use the AutoSum button to create the totals.AutoSum sets up the SUM function to add the values in the cells above the cell pointer. If there are no values in the cells above the cell pointer, AutoSum adds the values in the cells to the left of the cell pointer.
Example:Click the cell that will contain the total, then click AutoSum on the standard toolbar, then click the Enter buttonon the formula bar.
The formula =SUM(b3:d3) appears in the formula bar.The information inside the parentheses is the argument or the information to be used in calculating a result of the function.
Always check the formula bar to be sure that the argument is what you intended, if it isn’t change it by clicking the first cell where the range should start, then drag the mouse to where the range should end, then click the Enter buttonto confirm the entry.
To get the AVERAGE you must use the Paste Function Buttonon the Standard toolbar.
Example:Click the cell that will contain the first average, and then click the Past Function button.The Paste Function dialog box opens.The function needed to calculate averages –named AVERAGE—is included in the Most Recently Used category.
Click the function name AVERAGE in the Function name list box, click OK, then in the AVERAGE dialog box type cell numbers for the range you are covering (do not include the total column) in the Number 1 text box. Click OK.
ABSOLUTE REFERENCE—Usually, you want the cell addresses in the original formula to change when you copy it.Sometimes, you don’t want it to change, so you need to create an absolute reference.Absolute cell references do not change when a formula is copied.
To make a cell reference absolute, enter a dollar sign ($) before the column letter and row number of that cell in the formula.
=$B$4+$B$5
This is used when you are calculating a percent of total.
CURRENCY FORMAT—displays numbers with currency symbols:dollar signs, commas and decimals.$10,234.39
$5,349.78
ACCOUNTING FORMAT—displays numbers the same as the currency format, but the dollar signs are left aligned.$ 10,234.39
$5,349.78
CONTIGUOUS CELLS—A block of adjacent cells in a worksheet
NONCONTIGUOUS CELLS—Cells in a worksheet that act as a block but are not necessarily adjacent to each other.Press and hold Ctrl as you click additional cells